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Quick ViewTitanium and its alloys are among the most important materials with a wide range of applications. Titanium and its alloy offer a good combination of properties, such as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, good biocompatibility, and excellent corrosion resistance. These excellent properties make Titanium and its alloys the favourite of many industries that ranges between,…
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Quick ViewAdvances in Materials Science Research. Volume 37 begins by discussing the main properties of poly (methyl methacrylate) bone cements used for orthopaedic surgery. In particular, emphasis is given to the fillers used to modify the solid phase of acrylic formulations, and this strategy is related to changes in their mechanical, biological, and clinical properties. Following…
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This volume of a book “Applied Aspects of Nanophysics and Nano-engineering” is partially composed of short communications – proceedings of international symposium “Nanophysics and nano-engineering 2017” (venue: Mining university), and full-sized chapters, covering selected topics in depth. A variety of phenomena are described in this book. Smart nanostructured coatings, methods of synthesis based on both…
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Quick ViewThermoplastics composites are widely used nowadays. Their matrices are characterized by their aptitude to be repeatedly melted by heating and solidified by cooling, and this in a reversible way. The reinforcement add rigidity and strength to the matrix, thus making a material combining the properties of both constituents. Thermoplastic composites have become an area of…
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Quick ViewThis book presents analytical models of thermal stresses in two- and three-component composites with anisotropic components. Within the analytical modelling, the two- and three-component composites are replaced by a multi-particle-matrix and multi-particle-envelope-matrix systems, respectively. These model systems consist of anisotropic spherical particles (either without or with an envelope on the particle surface), which are periodically…
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Quick ViewThis book provides readers with the latest developments in materials science research. Chapter One reviews the advances achieved over the last three years by exploiting photo-induced polymerization processes for the obtainment of functional (and often nanostructured) coatings. Chapter Two analyzes superalloy machining. Chapter Three examines a mechanistic exposure of welded Ni-Mo-Cr-Fe alloys in coal gasification…
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Quick ViewThis book provides readers with the latest developments in materials science research. Chapter One examines chiral metamaterials. Chapter Two discusses chitosan-based planar optical waveguides for relative humidity measurements. Chapter Three investigates the ultrafast magnon dynamics in antiferromagnetic 3d-transition-metal monoxides NiO and MnO using optical pump-probe spectroscopy and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Chapter Four analyzes luminescent Zn/Cd-based…
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This book presents original analytical models of thermal and phase-transformation-induced stresses in isotropic components of three-component materials with void defects. These defects (i.e., pores, flaws, etc.) are a consequence of technological processes (i.e., powder metallurgy processes). These stresses, which are observed during a cooling process, originate below a relaxation temperature of a three-component material. The…
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Quick ViewThe subject of aircraft icing has a major impact on aviation safety. In this book, interdisciplinary topics related to aircraft icing are addressed with a specific emphasis on various types of icing, ice formation, icing terminology used in aeronautical applications, and ice prevention systems. Through a historical overview, designated milestones of aircraft icing research, development…
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Quick ViewIntroducing the Generalized Molecular Crystal Model, as a more realistic model for the study of the small polaron transport in disordered materials, in the book the “microscopic” kinetics of small polaron transport is fully described. The percolation theory bridges smoothly the gap between the “microscopic” mechanisms responsible for the small polaron site-to-site transport, and the…
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Quick ViewThis book deals with analytical models of hydrogen-induced stresses in metallic materials. The analytical models, which are presented in this first volume, are determined for isotropic metallic materials. In general, hydrogen is accumulated in metallic materials in the form of various types of molecules (e.g. hydrogen molecules, molecules of methane, molecules of water vapour, etc.).…
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Quick ViewDuring surface deformations measurements in objects, materials or structural element samples, which move in the space, recorded speckle images are transformed by these displacements. In Chapter One, an algorithm for speckle image relative geometrical transformations parameters determination is proposed on the basis of Fourier-Mellin transform. Usage of this algorithm will allow increasing reliability of deformation…
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Quick ViewChapter One demonstrates the applicability of devices based on surface plasmon resonabnce phenomenon (SPR) for investigations in the fields of medicine, veterinary, microbiology, and food industry. Considered here are the results of SPR measurements for two suspensions of erythrocytes – the dense one (erythrocyte mass after centrifuging) and loose solution (whole blood). Chapter Two is…
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Quick ViewThis book is a practical and intermediate level handbook written to describe acoustic emission technique, focusing on the results obtained from different kinds of materials through an engineering point of view. Internal structural modifications of materials such as dislocation motion, plastic deformation, grain boundary sliding or crack propagation are connected to the production of acoustic…
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Quick ViewAs a fundamental building material in modern times, concrete has been subject to continual development. It has evolved from a simple mixture of basic elements, i.e., hydraulic cement, water, and aggregates, to become a modern high-performance material — a material designed to respond to the environment and in some versions to preserve it. This book…
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Quick ViewThe main impression of this book is to draw attention to the most advance technologies in silver recovery and recycling from various sources. The state-of-the-art in silver recovery from different sources by hydrometallurgical and bio-metallurgical processing, and varieties of leaching, cementing, reducing agents, peeling, electro-coagulants, adsorbents, electro-dialysis, solvent extraction, ion exchange resins and bio-sorbents are…
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Quick ViewIn the first chapter of this book, Yahong Liu, Kun Song, and Xiaopeng Zhao explore metamaterials such as nonlinear left-handed metamaterials, impedance-matched near-zero index metamaterials, chiral metamaterials, and metasurfaces. The second chapter by Anett Király and Ferenc Ronkay discusses processing methods of conductive polymer composites as well as their properties. Next, the third chapter by…
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Quick ViewConcrete and Concrete Structures: A Review and Directions for Research opens with a chapter by Juan M. Moro, Romina S. Meneses, and Néstor F. Ortega presenting research on recycled concrete in an effort to improve durability. Next, Germán D. Ercolani, Néstor F. Ortega, and Daniel H. Felix examine different methods of crack detection to determine…
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Quick ViewCement and concrete are among the materials made by man that tell us a great deal about how far civilization has come. Developed over time for various uses, modern concrete and cement come in multiple forms, including self-compacting/consolidating concrete, green concrete, and nano cement. This book consists of five chapters. Each chapter comprises an introduction,…
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Quick ViewDue to a high demand in construction and furniture industries worldwide, natural resources such as stones and wood as non-renewable resources are being depleted. Thus, researchers are focusing on renewable resources as alternative materials. As such, the utilisation of abundant solid wastes and byproducts, which are discharged from agriculture, industry and municipalities present an alternative…
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Quick ViewAsphaltenes are non-crystalline, brittle, and black solids. At high temperatures they can polymerize, and convert into coke or asphaltic residue. As they do not show a fixed boiling point temperature, it is impossible to measure their enthalpy of vaporization by direct means. This book provides current research on the fundamentals, applications and future developments of…
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In the preliminary study included in Advances in Materials Science Research. Volume 36, a novel fiberglass catalyst with highly dispersed 1-2 nm Pd clusters confined in the bulk of fiberglass at a depth of 10 nm was proposed. In spite of extremely low palladium content, this catalyst showed high performance in the selective hydrogenation of…
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Quick ViewThis book provides an in-depth examination of sawdust and its potential uses and hazards. In chapter one, Yaning Zhang, Bingxi Li, Haochun Zhang, Hongtao Li, Yijun Zhao, and Baocheng Jiang offer research on the exergy of (or maximum work obtainable by) sawdust. Next, Professor Augustine Uchechukwu Elinwa presents research on the potential use of sawdust…
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Quick ViewDispersion dynamics are developed from the stable wave packet in wave mechanics. They are used first in a physical treatment of creation and annihilation, and then applied to measurements in high temperature superconductivity. The dynamics require that the negative energy solution to relativity equations implies negative rest mass in the antiparticle. Dirac’s positive mass for…
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