Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1. Definition and Epidemiology of Early-Onset Scoliosis
Yusuf Sait Durak, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kurtalan State Hospital, Siirt, Turkiye
Chapter 2. Normal Growth and Development of the Spine and Thoracic Cage
Bilal Karabak, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Erzurum City Hospital, Erzurum, Turkiye
Chapter 3. Pathogenesis of EOS
Ali Can Çiçek, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Agri Education and Research Hospital, Agri, Turkiye
Chapter 4. Classification of Early – Onset Scoliosis (C-EOS)
Anar Alakbarov¹, MD, and Vusala Garayeva², MD
¹Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nakhchivan Diagnostic-Treatment Center, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan
²Department of Radiology, Nakhchivan Diagnostic-Treatment Center, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan
Chapter 5. Idiopathic Early – Onset Scoliosis
Barış Can Kuzuca, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Çerkezköy State Hospital, Tekirdağ, Turkiye
Chapter 6. Congenital Scoliosis
Ömer Cahit Çıtır, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Şırnak Şehit Aydoğan Aydın State Hospital, Şırnak, Turkiye
Chapter 7. Neuromuscular Scoliosis
Uğur Özdemir¹, MD and M. Cemil Gün², MD
¹Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Balıkesir, Turkiye
²Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkiye
Chapter 8. Syndromic Early-Onset Scoliosis
M. Fatih Serttaş, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkiye
Chapter 9. Clinical Examination of EOS
Yücel Bilgin, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye
Chapter 10. Radiological Examination of Early-Onset Scoliosis
Alim Can Baymurat, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
Chapter 11. Biomechanics of EOS
Bilal Yekeler¹, MD and Umut Doğu Aktürk², MD
¹Department of Neurosurgery, Bayburt State Hospital, Bayburt, Turkiye
²Department of Neurosurgery, Emsey Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye
Chapter 12. The Effects of Early-Onset Scoliosis on Morbidity and Mortality of Untreated Patients
Orkun Halaç¹ and Ümit Aygün²
¹Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ağrı Training and Research Hospital, Ağrı, Turkiye
²Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Faculty of Medicine, Ağrı, Turkiye
Chapter 13. Consequences of Early Spinal Fusion of EOS
Recep Dinçer, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkiye
Chapter 14. Prognosis of both Surgical and Non-Surgical Treatment of EOS
Kayra Barut¹, MD and Hüseyin Sina Coşkun²
¹EMOT Plus Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Izmir, Turkiye
²Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkiye
Chapter 15. Non-Surgical Treatment of EOS
Ahmet Çağrı Uyar, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences, Kocaeli Derince Training and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkiye
Chapter 16. Physiotherapy in Idiopathic Early-Onset Scoliosis
Burçin Akçay¹, PT, PhD and Tuğba Kuru Çolak², PT, PhD
¹Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Balıkesir, Turkiye
²Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkiye
Chapter 17. Surgical Treatment and Growth-Friendly Implants
Bilge Kağan Yılmaz, MD
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Afyonkarahisar State Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkiye
Chapter 18. Distraction-Based Systems of Early Onset Scoliosis
Ahmet Aksoy, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Alaaddin Keykubat University, Faculty of Medicine, Alanya, Antalya, Turkiye
Chapter 19. Traditional Growing Rods
Bilal Yekeler¹, MD and Umut Doğu Aktürk², MD
¹Department of Neurosurgery, Bayburt State Hospital, Bayburt, Turkiye
²Department of Neurosurgery, Emsey Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye
Chapter 20. Magnetic Growing Rod
Uğur Yüzügüldü, MD
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Gülhane Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye
Chapter 21. Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib (VEPTR)
Basri Pür¹, MD and Sinan Yılar², MD
¹The Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Erzurum City Hospital, Erzurum, Turkiye
²The Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkiye
Chapter 22. Hybrid Growing Rods
Alim Can Baymurat, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
Chapter 23. Staple
Erkan Akgün1, MD
Department of Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
Chapter 24. Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering
Abdülhalim Akar, MD
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Private Emsey Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye
Chapter 25. Growth Guided Systems – Luqué Trolley
Göker Utku Değer, MD
Department of Orhopaedics and Traumatology, Beykoz State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye
Chapter 26. Shilla
Abdülhalim Akar, MD
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Emsey Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye
Chapter 27. Hemivertebra Resection in Congenital EOS
Fatih Emre Topsakal¹, MD and Mehmet Demir², MD
¹,²Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Erzurum City Hospital, Erzurum, Turkiye
Chapter 28. Outcomes in Children with EOS
Furkan Soy¹, MD and Ozan Pehlivan², MD
¹Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kahramankazan State Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye
²Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Beytepe State Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye
Chapter 29. Future Directions in the Management of EOS
Ercan Bayar, MD
and Hüseyin Sina Coşkun
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkiye
Index
Editor’s ORCID iD
Ahmed Majid Heydar: 0000-0002-6907-7976

