Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN-CSIC), Department Ecology and Coastal Management, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.

Cristiano V.M. Araújo is a Biologist who studied in the Catholic University from Salvador (Brazil), got two Master degrees (Ecology and Biomonitoring; Brazil and Oceanography; Spain) and received his PhD degree in Ecotoxicology in 2010 (Spain). He has worked with institutions from Brazil, Ecuador, Portugal, Spain, and Venezuela. He has focused his studies on the role of the contaminants as an environmental disturber, assessing the avoidance response by organisms to contamination and its implications for the species spatial distribution.
Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabi (ULEAM), ECUACTOX, Manta, Ecuador; CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.