Table of Contents

Poland: Background and U.S. Relations
Derek E. Mix

The Nordic Countries and U.S. Relations
Kristin Archick

NATO: Finland Joins as Sweden’s Accession Faces Delay
Kristin Archick, Paul Belkin, and Andrew S. Bowen

Turkey (Türkiye): Major Issues, May 2023 Election Results, and U.S. Relations
Jim Zanotti and Clayton Thomas

Turkey (Türkiye): Possible U.S. Sale of F-16 Aircraft
Jim Zanotti, Clayton Thomas, and Patrick Parrish

U.S.-European Relations in the 118th Congress
Kristin Archick

The European Parliament and U.S. Interests
Kristin Archick

U.S.-EU Trade and Economic Relations
Shayerah I. Akhtar

The EU’s MIFID II, Broker Research, and the SEC’s No-Action Letters
Gary Shorter

Critical Minerals: A U.S.-EU Free Trade Agreement?
Shayerah I. Akhtar and Andres B. Schwarzenberg

U.S. Measures to Provide Liquefied Natural Gas for the European Union
Lexie Ryan