Uranium: Sources, Exposure and Environmental Effects

$275.00

Joyce R. Nelson (Editor)

Series: Nuclear Materials and Disaster Research
BISAC: SCI051000

Uranium is a naturally occurring, ubiquitous heavy metal. In various chemical forms, natural uranium is found in all soils, rocks, seas and oceans. It is also present in drinking water and food. Uranium was discovered in 1781 by Klaprot, a pharmacist in Berlin, in the Joachisthal silver mines.

This book starts with a short history of uranium. It continues with the legacy of uranium mining and the authors go on to discuss the environmental and health effects of depleted uranium, which has the unique potential to threaten all natural resources, including human society because of its radiotoxic effects. Uranium migration properties are explored through the geological structures and the groundwater systems based on the determination of its total concentration essential for environmental studies.

Other chapters examine the recovery of uranium from phosphate rock; the influence of uranium on the environment and the studies of content of uranium in soil, building materials, drinking water and even in the urine of specific population such as in the Czech Republic, a uranium rich territory; the types of uranium deposits; uranium bioremediation as an eco-friendly, promising approach, which will play an irreplaceable role in global nuclear energy development; discussions on uranium as one of the most widespread contaminants in groundwater in mining areas, as well as in surface waters in Brazil; and an examination of fuel materials that have been developed for use in nuclear power reactors including uranium. Bulk uranium-based systems are very complex and it is difficult to draw unambiguous conclusion on their properties and reaction mechanisms from experiments.

Therefore in this book, laboratory experiments using simple model systems – thin films, for single effect studies which have a ground-breaking nature are explored in detail in this book.
(Imprint: Nova)

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface

Chapter 1
A Short History of Uranium
(Fathi Habashi, Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada)

Chapter 2
The Legacy of Uranium Mining: Farming on Non-remediable Metalliferous Soils?
(Gerhard Gramss and Klaus-Dieter Voigt, Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany, and others)

Chapter 3
Environmental and Health Effects of Depleted Uranium
(Svetlana Zunic and Ljubisa Rakic, University of Defense in Belgrade, Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy; Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, and others)

Chapter 4
Matrix Influence on Low Uranium Concentration Determination
(Alena Zavadilova, Barbora Drtinova, Ivan Hupka, Dept. of Nuclear Chemistry, Faculty of Nuclear Science and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Brehova, Prague, Czech Republic)

Chapter 5
Hydrometallurgy of Phosphate Rock and the Recovery of Uranium
(Fathi Habashi, Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada)

Chapter 6
Uranium in the Environment and in the Population of the Czech Republic
(Irena Malátová, Věra Bečková, Jiří Hůlka, Lukáš Kotík, Ladislav Tomášek, National Radiation Protection Institute (SÚRO,v.v.i.), Bartoškova, Praha, Czech Republic)

Chapter 7
Uranium Spatio-Temporal Variability In Groundwater – An Environmental Risk Assessment Case Study
(Albuquerque MTD, Antunes IMHR, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Av. Pedro Álvares Cabral, Castelo Branco, Portugal)

Chapter 8
Uranium Isotopes in Ground and Surface Waters of Barreiro, Araxá, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
(Luis Henrique Mancini and Daniel Marcos Bonotto, Departamento de Petrologia e Metalogenia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil)

Chapter 9
Thermodynamic Properties of Uranium Minerals
(Alexander V. Knyazev and Marina E. Manyakina, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia)

Chapter 10
Microbial Uranium Resistance and Remediation
(Xiangkai Li, Huawen Han, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China)

Chapter 11
A New Thin-Film Approach to Making Nuclear Fuel Research Accessible
(A M Adamska, W Liu, J Sutcliffe, E Lawrence Bright, Interface Analysis Centre, School of Physics, University of Bristol, UK)

Index

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