Maya Sarah, PhD – Professor of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Almamater Kampus USU, Medan, Indonesia
Irvan, Dr. Eng. – Professor, Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Almamater Kampus USU, Medan, Indonesia
Kelvin Hadinatan – Lecturer, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Almamater Kampus USU, Medan, Indonesia
Fitri Rowiyah Rambe – Lecturer, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Almamater Kampus USU, Medan, Indonesia
Isti Madinah Hasibuan – Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Almamater Kampus USU, Medan, Indonesia

Series: Renewable Energy: Research, Development and Policies
BISAC: TEC031010; TEC010020; SCI026000
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52305/PCWC4016

Oil Palm Waste as Sustainable Energy Resources: Bioenergy, Bioproducts, and Environmental Sustainability presents a comprehensive examination of palm oil mill waste valorization within the framework of environmental sustainability and renewable energy development. As the global palm oil industry expands, effective management of major waste streams—empty fruit bunches (EFB), palm oil mill effluent (POME), and oil palm fronds—has become increasingly important. This monograph demonstrates how these residues can be transformed from environmental burdens into valuable bioenergy resources. The book begins with a life cycle assessment (LCA) of palm oil mill waste, identifying environmental hotspots, mitigation strategies, and research gaps in line with international sustainability standards. It then explores the conversion of EFB into bioethanol through conventional hydrolysis and advanced microwave-assisted technologies, including rotating microwave systems, highlighting improvements in glucose yield, processing time, and overall conversion efficiency. The valorization of POME into biogas is examined through single-stage and two-stage anaerobic digestion systems, including the role of trace metals under thermophilic conditions to enhance methane production and process stability. In addition, the conversion of oil palm fronds into bio-charcoal briquettes is presented as a promising renewable solid fuel option. An integrated energy analysis compares bioethanol and biogas production pathways, providing insights into technical feasibility and potential biorefinery integration. Overall, this monograph supports the advancement of low-carbon technologies and circular bioeconomy practices in palm oil–producing regions worldwide.

**Order the printed version and SAVE 50% on the e-book with Print+eBook. Price indicated includes shipping**