Lake Water: Properties and Uses (Case Studies of Hydrochemistry and Hydrobiology of Lakes in Northwest Russia)

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Series: Climate Change and its Causes, Effects and Prediction

BISAC: NAT018000

Lake ecosystems are known to be valid sentinels for current climate changes and anthropogenic pressure because they provide indicators of these impacts either directly or indirectly through the influence of climate and human activity on their catchments. Among these indicators, to name just a few, are water temperature, dissolved organic carbon, nutrients and metals, phyto- and zooplankton composition as well as population and biodiversity of crustacea, mollusks and fish. The advantages of using lakes as tracers of climatic changes and anthropogenic impacts on aquatic ecosystems are multiple. Lake ecosystems are well constrained, confined and are studied in a sustained fashion; lakes respond directly to climate change and local and global pollution via incorporating the effects of these impacts occurring within the catchment; lakes integrate responses over time, and thus allow to avoid the random or unique single-time effects. Finally, lakes of various sizes are distributed worldwide and, as such, can act as sentinels across various climatic conditions while exhibiting different degrees of vulnerability to external pressure depending on their size and specific location capturing different aspects of climate change (e.g., changing precipitation regime, heat waves, permafrost thaw, invasion of new species, local and global (dispersed) pollution).

However, the majority of published studies on lakes in the boreal and subarctic zone deal with Western and Northern Europe and Northern America, with quite limited information on lakes in the NW Russia. This book is intended to partially fill this gap by presenting 13 chapters describing the hydrology, hydrochemistry and hydrobiology of various lakes located in the NW European Russia, from the Finland border in the West to the Ural Mountains in the East. The thirteen chapters of the book, written by the experts in the field of biogeochemistry, limnology and zoology cover full limnetic ecosystems, from lake physical characteristics to lake water chemistry, microbiology, phytoplankton and zooplankton population, Crustacea, mollusks and fish. A multidisciplinary approach across wide geographical zones, comprising both small and large lakes of the Russian Subarctic, presented in this book, will be interesting for a large community of scholars, students, and researchers from academic and private organizations.

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Table of Contents

Preface. Lakes as Sentinels for Current Climate Changes and Anthropogenic Pressure
(O.S. Pokrovsky, Y.V. Bespalaya, L.S. Shirokova, T.Ya. Vorobyeva)

Chapter 1. Multidisciplinary Research of Different Types of Boreal Lakes in North-West of Russia
(T.Ya. Vorobyeva, S.I. Klimov, S.A. Zabelina, et al.)

Chapter 2. Multidisciplinary Research of the Lake Kenozero (Northern Part of the Kenozersky National Park) in the Summer
(S.A. Zabelina, S.I. Klimov, T.Ya Vorobyeva, et al.)

Chapter 3.   Long-Term Study of the Ecosystem Components Variability of the Lake Lekshmozero (The Southern Part of the Kenozersky National Park)
(S.A. Zabelina, T.Ya. Vorobyeva, S.I. Klimov, et al.)

Chapter 4. Fish Death in the Mesotrophic Lake Lekshmozero: Possible Causes
(T.Ya. Vorobyeva; S.I. Klimov, A.V. Chupakov, O.S. Pokrovsky)

Chapter 5.   Oligotrophic Lake Naglimozero during Periods of Summer and Winter Stratification
(S.I. Klimov, T.Ya. Vorobyeva, S.A. Zabelina, et al.)

Chapter 6. Complex Studies of Biotic and Abiotic Components of Boreal Lakes Located at the Beginning of the Catchment Basins of the Arctic (Lake Vilno) and Atlantic (Lake Maselgskoe) Oceans
(T.Ya. Vorobyeva, S.I. Klimov, L.S. Shirokova, et al.)

Chapter 7. Algae of Lakes in the European North of Russia
(A. Sharov, D. Denisov)

Chapter 8. Biology and Geographical Distribution of Representatives of the Families Polyphemidae and Cercopagidae (Onychopoda, Cladocera) in the Northern and Arctic Regions of the European Part of Russia
(L. Litvinchuk)

Chapter 9. Distribution and Functional Ecology of Malacostracan Crustaceans in Russian Northern and Arctic Lakes
(N. Berezina, N. Kalinkina, A. Maximov)

Chapter 10. Freshwater Mollusks in Lakes of the Solovetsky Islands (White Sea)
(Y.V. Bespalaya, O.V. Aksenova, I.N. Bolotov)

Chapter 11. Freshwater Mollusks in Lakes of the Bolshezemelskaya Tundra (Vashutkiny Lakes)
(Y.V. Bespalaya, O.V. Aksenova, A.S. Aksenov, et al.)

Chapter 12. Ecosystems of Lakes of Arkhangelsk Region
(A.P. Novoselov, G.A. Dvoraynkin, E.V. Pribytkova, E.N. Imant)

Chapter 13. Lakes of Nenets Autonomous Area
(A.P. Novoselov, G.A. Dvoraynkin, E.V. Pribytkova, E.N. Imant)

Index

Review

“The Arctic and Subarctic are the regions of special interest for ecologists, bio-geographers, and conservationists. Being one of the most pristine regions of the World, having retained much of their original biodiversity, the high latitudes and their biota are facing various challenges today, from the global ecosystem changes to invasions of alien species of plants and animals. The impact of human industrial activity is also prominent in this area.

The book is a collection of papers focused on a single northern region (northwest of European Russia) and a single problem – the lake ecosystems of this territory under current conditions of changing climate. It brings a comprehensive and multidisciplinary account of the state of the aquatic environment of northwest Russia, including its both organic and inorganic components. The content of this many-authored book is based mainly on research made by the authors and provides the reader with first-hand information on the topic. Another importance of this edition is since many empirical data on the aquatic ecosystems of this territory have been published in Russian and, thus, are not easily accessible for the international audience. The authors are leading Russian experts in the field who have, for decades, been conducting field studies in the region.  Without doubts, their empirical results presented in this volume would be of great interest to aquatic ecologists from other countries of Northern Europe as a material for comparative analyses.

Lake Water: Properties and Uses is a timely and valuable edition, which can be of great interest for practitioners of various fields – hydrochemistry, limnology, aquatic zoology and botany, biogeography, ichthyology, etc. Though it consists of several case studies, each focused on a specific and sometimes narrow, subject, the book as a whole represents a more or less full picture of the freshwater environment of the northern part of European Russia.” – Maxim V. Vinarski, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Macroecology & Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint Petersburg State Univerity, Russia

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