Table of Contents

ABSTRACT

Improved antiretroviral treatment has significantly increased the life expectancies for people living with HIV (human immunodeficiency viruses), but neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) (so called HANDs) remain a major concern. This study aims to examine the prevalence and factors associated with NCD in HIV-positive adolescents.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2018 at the Chantal Biya Foundation Mother and Child Center in Cameroon. Fifty adolescents aged 10 years to 19 years, who were living with HIV, were included. Sociodemographic, clinical, and cognitive data were collected using a battery of neuropsychological tests.

Results: The prevalence of neurocognitive disorders was 98%, with a predominance of mild forms. The most common symptoms were cognitive complaints, memory, and attention disorders. Although risk factors such as poor compliance and Efavirenz use were identified, no significant statistical associations were found.

Conclusion: Neurocognitive disorders are common in HIV-positive adolescents, contributing to school failure and delay. Although risk factors have been identified, further studies are needed to better understand these associations. Effective management of neurocognitive disorders in HIV-positive adolescents is essential for improving their quality of life.

Keywords: HANDs, adolescent, human immunodeficiency viruses, HIV, associated factors, Cameroon