Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1. COVID-19: Virology, Pathogenesis, and Pathophysiology
Felix Riunga
Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
Chapter 2. COVID-19: Clinical Presentations in Adults
Duncan Wekesa Nyukuri1,2 and Reena Shah1
1Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
2Department of Medicine, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
Chapter 3. The Role of Diagnostic Imaging in the Management of COVID-19 Patients
Mikael Mir1,1, Sydney Boike1, BA, Taylor Benedict1, BS, Ibtisam Rauf2, BS, Abbas Jama3, BA, MD, Syed Anjum Khan3, MD, Salim Surani4,5, MD and Usman Anwer6, MD
1University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
2St. George’s School of Medicine, University Centre Grenada, West Indies, Grenada
3Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
4Adjunct Clinical Professor, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
5Research Collaborator, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota, USA
6Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
Chapter 4. Predictors of Severity and Complications in Patients with COVID-19
Ramesh Pandit1, MD, Trupti Pandit2, MD, Rahul Kashyap3, MD, Rohan Kumar Ochani4, MD and Salim Surani5, MD
1Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
2Department of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Nemours Children Health System, Wilmington, Delaware,
and Inspira Medical Center, Vineland, New Jersey, USA
3Department of Research, WellSpan Health, York, Pennsylvania and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
4Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
5Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
Chapter 5. Treatment: Pharmacotherapy for COVID-19 in the ICU
Jacqueline L. Stark1, Fahma Abdirahman2 and Kirstin Kooda2
1Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
2Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Chapter 6. The Respiratory Management of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients
Esraa Hassan1, MD, Noura Attallah1, MD, Abbas B. Jama1, Mikael Mir2, Hasnain Saifee Bawaadam3 and Nitesh Jain1, MD
1Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
2Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
3Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Aurora Medical Center, Kenosha, Wisconsin, USA
Chapter 7. The Physiology of Proning and PEEP in ARDS Patients due to COVID-19
Tanya Amal1, MBBS, Aditi Kothari2, MBBS, Gaurang Bhatt3, MBBS, Rahul Kashyap4,5,6, MBBS, Asim Shaikh7, MBBS and Salim Surani8,9, MD
1Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
2Department of Medicine, B.J. Medical College, Pune, India
3Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
4Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
5Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
6Department of Research, WellSpan Health, York, Pennsylvania, USA
7Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
8Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
9Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
Chapter 8. Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19
Anwar Khedr1, Aalaa Eissa2, Hussam Hennawi3, Sami J. Shoura4, Ibtisam Rauf5, Salim Surani6 and Syed Anjum Khan7
1Internal Medicine Department, Bronxcare Health System, Bronx, New York, USA
2Internal Medicine Department, KFS University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
3Internal Medicine Department, Abington Memorial Hospital, Abington, Pennsylvania, USA
4Internal Medicine Department, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
5Department of Medicine St. George’s School of Medicine, University Centre Grenada, West Indies, Grenada
6Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
7Department of Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
Chapter 9. Gastrointestinal Manifestations in COVID-19
Hisham Mushtaq1, MD, Keerthi Nataraj2, MBBS, Sherley Chhibber3, MD, Esraa Hassan4, MD, Nitesh Jain4, MD, Syed Anjum Khan4, MD and Omar Y Mousa5, MD
1Internal Medicine, St Vincent’s Medical Center, Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA
2Hospital Medicine, Narayana Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
3Internal Medicine, Mercy Catholic Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA
4Critical Care, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
5Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
Chapter 10. Hematological Abnormalities in COVID-19 Patients
Guleid Hussein, Bolun Liu1 and Mool Chand2
Department of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota
Chapter 11. Musculoskeletal and Rheumatologic Manifestations in COVID-19
Ibtisam Rauf1, BA, Sydney Boike2, BS, Mikael Mir2, BA, Shayan Rostami1, BS, Basra Osman2, BA, Noura Attallah3, MD, Madeeha Rizvi1, BS, Abbas B Jama3, MD, Mohamad El Labban4, MD, Salim Surani5, MD and Syed Anjum Khan3, MD
1St. George’s School of Medicine, University Centre Grenada, West Indies, Grenada
2University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
3Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
4Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
5Adjunct Clinical Professor, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
Chapter 12. Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19
Eunice Nyakerario Nyambane, Jamil Abdulkarim Said Al-Areeq and Dilraj Singh Sokhi
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College of East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
Chapter 13. Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS) in COVID-19
Abbas B. Jama1, MBBS, Meritxell Urtecho2, MD, Ibtisam Rauf3, BA, Mostafa Gamal H. Elharif4, MD, Esraa Hassan1, MD, Noura Attallah1, MD, Mohamed Rage7, MBBS, Mohamed Mohamed6, MBBS, Ali Sadik5, MD Mohamed Hassan5, MBBS, Salim Surani8, Syed Anjum Khan1, MD and Nitesh Jain1, MD
1Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
2Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
3St. George’s School of Medicine, University Centre Grenada, West Indies, Grenada
4Transplant and Immunology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
5Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
6Wuhan University Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuchang District, China
7Emergency Department, Northampton General Hospital, Northampton, United Kingdom
8Department of Pharmacy and Medicine, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
Chapter 14. Mediastinal Adenopathy in Covid-19: Lumpy Bumpy Mediastinal Lymph Node in COVID-19: What to Do?
VijayKumar Sekar1, Munish Sharma2, Venkat Rajasurya3, Sneha Reddy4 and Salim Surani5
1Department of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Pennsylvania, USA
2Department of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White, Temple Texas, USA
3Department of Medicine, MultiCare Health System, Tacoma, Washington, USA
4Undergraduate School, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
5Department of Pharmacy & Medicine, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
Chapter 15. Barotrauma in COVID-19
Mustafa Sajjad Cheema1, Jamil Taji2, MD, Syed Anjum Khan3, MD and Salim Surani4
1Internal Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
2Pulmonology/Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
3Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
4Medicine & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
Chapter 16. Long COVID Syndrome
Anna S. Jenkins1, Parthkumar H. Satashia2, Devang K. Sanghavi2 and Bala Munipalli3
1Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
2Department of Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
3Department of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
Chapter 17. The Role of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in COVID-19
Asim Shaikh1, MBBS, Iqbal Ratnani MD2, PhD, FCCP, FCCM, Syed Anjum Khan3, MD and Salim Surani4, MD, MPH, MSHM, FACP, FCCP, FCCM
1Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Science, Karachi, Pakistan
2Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, Methodist Hospital, Houton, Texas, USA
3Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health system, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
4Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
Chapter 18. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Lung Transplantation
Abby Hanson1, Arnab Chowdhury2, Sadia Shah3 and Devang Sanghavi1
1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
2Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
3Division of Lung Transplant Pulmonology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
Chapter 19. COVID-19 and Palliative Care: A Focus on Low-Middle-Income Countries
Nafisa Agil1, Abdinoor Mohamed2, Shaleen Sunesera3, Ishan Aiyer4, Reena Shah5 and Sayed K Ali5
1Department of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Kenya
2Department of Medicine, Kenyatta University, Kenya
3Undergraduate School, University of Southern California, California, USA
4Department of Science, Blair Academy, New Jersey, USA
5Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
Chapter 20. Echocardiography During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Mohamed Ziad-M. Said1,2,3, Claudia M. Ramirez2, Amando A. Vazquez-Suarez2, Victor Gomez2, Najia Hussaini1,2,3, Salim Surani4 and Joseph Varon1,2,3
1Department of Medicine, United Memorial Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
2Department of Medicine, Dorrington Medical Associates, Houston, Texas, USA
3Department of Medicine, Caribbean Medical University, Willemstad, Curaçao
4Department of Pharmacy & Medicine, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, Texas, USA
Chapter 21. Different Experiences in ICU Flow through Optimization in COVID-19: Academic U.S. Center/Community Hospital U.S. Center/Academic Center in East Africa
Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar1, MD, Praveen Reddy Elmati2, MD, Martin Musumbi3, MD, Reena Shah3, MD, Syed Anjum Khan4, MD, Noura Attallah4, MD and Salim Surani3,5,6, MD
1Department of Medicine, Saint Michael’s medical center, Newark, New Jersey, USA
2Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
3Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
4Department of Critical Care, Mayo Clinic Health System Mankato, Minnesota, USA
5Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, Texas, USA
6Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota, USA
Chapter 22. The Mental Health of Physicians During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sydney Boike1, BS, Mikael Mir1, BA, Ibtisam Rauf2, BA, Shayan Rostami2, BS, Abbas Jama3, MD and Syed Anjum Khan, MD3
1University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
2St. George’s School of Medicine, University Centre Grenada, West Indies, Grenada
3Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
Chapter 23. Nursing/Respiratory Therapy and COVID-19: A Journey of Strength, Responsibility, Opportunity, and Struggle
David Rokser1, Greta Zoesch1, Andrew Laughlin2, Esraa Hassan1, Noura Attallah1, Chad Weiler1, Corey Marble1, Jeanine Borge1, Abigail Petzel1, Kimberly Kopischke1, Allison Johnson3, Salim Surani4 and Syed Anjum Khan1
1Department of Critical Care, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, Minnesota, USA
2Department of Anesthesia, St. Lukes Hospital, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
3Department of Respiratory Therapy, Essentia Health, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
4Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
Chapter 24. COVID-19 Among the Minority Population
Ladan Panahi, George Udeani, Niraj Patel, Olajumoke Awe, Omolara Eunice Falade, Ellie Kang, Monet Giles, Jamie Rojas, Arden Trimier and Salim Surani
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas A&M Rangel College of Pharmacy, College Station, Texas, USA
Chapter 25. History of Pandemics, Lessons Learned and How We Prepare for the Next Pandemic
Sarah Goksoy1, Faraaz Ali Yousuf2, Arwa Wasim Rasool3, Aaliyah Haider4 and Ahmed Issa5
1Department of Medicine, University of California, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Berkeley, California
2Department of Medicine, Rhodes College in Memphis, Tennessee, USA
3Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
4Department of Medicine, University of Indonesia, West Java, Indonesia
5Department of Medicine, Medical University of the Americas, Nevis, West Indies
Index
Authors’ Biography
