Childhood Obesity: Causes, Prevention and Management

$230.00

Roya Kelishadi, MD (Editor)
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Series: New Developments in Medical Research
BISAC: MED060000

Childhood obesity has several early-onset adverse effects on all body organs and the metabolism. Moreover, as obesity tracks from childhood to adulthood, it can be an underlying factor for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases, which are the worldwide leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Such chronic diseases can result from lifelong accumulation of some risk factors, including obesity. Therefore, sustained interventions are necessary to tackle the onset or progression of childhood obesity.

Childhood obesity is no more limited to high-income countries; it has a rapid growing trend in low and middle-come countries. In addition to genetic background, environmental disruptor chemicals and their epigenetic effects are of important underlying factors for the escalating trend of childhood obesity and the trans-generational aspects of obesity. It is noteworthy to consider the early life determinants of childhood obesity, including prenatal, perinatal and post-natal factors, are usually preventable. Dietary habits are formed in the first years of life; therefore it is of crucial importance to establish healthy habits from early life.
Food industry, food environment, and social media are important factors influencing the food choices for families and their children. On the other hand, parents are the most important role models for lifestyle habits of their children.

In addition to preventative measures, it is important to know how to manage excess weight in growing children, who need enough macro- and micronutrients for their growth, but need to have controlled food intake. Various family-based and school-based interventions are suggested in this regard. In addition to energy intake, it is essential to increase the energy expenditure by regular exercise. Most healthcare providers are not aware of appropriate physical activity for weight control in the pediatric age group. Sometimes the process of weight gain is not correctly prevented or controlled in children and adolescents, and they would suffer from morbid obesity necessitating surgical treatment. Limited evidence-based information is available about these aspects of childhood obesity.
This book is written with collaboration of international experts with different scientific backgrounds, who contributed in gathering the updates and findings from their experience on how to deal with the complex factors related to childhood obesity. The main focus of this book is on providing updated information on all above-mentioned aspects related to childhood obesity. It is expected that researchers, health care providers, physicians, health decision makers, and families would find this book as a beneficial tool for implementing widespread measures for prevention and control of childhood obesity.
(Imprint: Nova Medicine and Health)

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface

Chapter 1. Childhood Obesity in Lower and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs)
(Neha Jain, Shalini Bassi and Monika Arora, Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, Haryana, India)

Chapter 2. Epigenetics and Childhood Obesity
(Sharifeh Khosravi, PhD, Sima Jafarpour, PhD, Rasoul Salehi, Motahar Heidari-Beni and Roya Kelishadi, Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease and Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran, and others)

Chapter 3. Food Environment and Childhood Overweight and Obesity
(Nasrin Omidvar and Mina Babashahi, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)

Chapter 4. The Association of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Childhood Obesity
(Karim Ebrahimpour, PhD, Mohammad Mehdi. Amin, PhD, Bahareh Shoshtari-Yeganeh, PhD, and Roya Kelishadi, MD, Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, and others)

Chapter 5. Family-Related Risk Factors of Childhood Obesity
(Xin’nan Zong and Bo Xi, Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China, and others)

Chapter 6. Simple Interactive Tools Supporting the Diagnosis of Obesity, Hypertension and Low Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents
(Tadeusz Nawarycz, Krzysztof Pytel and Lidia Ostrowska-Nawarycz, Department of Biophysics, Chair of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland, and others)

Chapter 7. Sleep Patterns and Sedentary Behaviors: Is the Association with Obesity Already Evident in Childhood?
(Cézane Priscila Reuter, PhD, Silvia Isabel Rech Franke, PhD, Aline Rosso Lehnhard, Ana Paula Sehn,
João Francisco de Castro Silveira, Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner, PhD, and Roya Kelishadi, MD, Department of Health Sciences and Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and others)

Chapter 8. Parental Factors Associated with Childhood Obesity
(Sara Jalali-Farahani, PhD, Hasti Masihay-Akbar, MD, and Parisa Amiri, PhD, Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)

Chapter 9. Cardiovascular System in Childhood Obesity
(Bahar Dehghan, MD, Pediatric Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran)

Chapter 10. Associations of Overweight/Obesity and Cardio Metabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents Participating in the PEP Family Heart Study
(Gerda Maria Haas and Peter Schwandt, MD, PHD, Atherosclerosis Prevention Institute, Munich-Nuremberg, Germany, and others)

Chapter 11. Metabolically Healthy Obesity in the Childhood: A Pattern or a Transient State?
(Cézane Priscila Reuter, PhD, Éboni Marília Reuter, PhD, Leticia Borfe, Letícia Welser, Letícia de Borba Schneiders, Elza Daniel de Mello, MD, Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner, PhD, and Roya Kelishadi, MD, Department of Health Sciences and Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and others)

Chapter 12. Protecting Children from Unfavorable Food Marketing
(Behnaz Abiri, PhD, and Mohammadreza Vafa, Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, and others)

Chapter 13. Actions to Promote the Intake of Healthy Foods by Children
(Cintia Chaves Curioni, PhD, Evelyn Kowalczyk dos Santos, Ana Carolina Felderheimer da Silva, PhD, Evelyne Florido Lobato Cavalcante and Jorginete de Jesus Damião, PhD, Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Chapter 14. Lifestyle Modifications and Dietary Approaches to Prevent Obesity Hypertension among Children and Adolescents
(Farahnak Assadi, MD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Sciences, Chicago, US)

Chapter 15. Appropriate Physical Activities for Controlling Childhood Obesity
(Vazgen Minasian and Roya Kelishadi, Department of Exercise physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran, and others)

Chapter 16. An Overview of Interventions for Controlling Obesity in Pre-School Children
(Golgis Karimi, PhD, Seyede Shahrbanoo Daniali, PhD, and Roya Kelishadi, MD, Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, US, and others)

Chapter 17. Effect of School Programs for Healthy Eating and Active Living to Prevent Childhood Obesity
(Behnaz Abiri, PhD, and Mohammadreza Vafa, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, and others)

Chapter 18. Surgery to Treat Obesity in Children and Adolescents
(Beheshteh Olang, MD, PhD, Aliakbar Sayyari, MD, Farid Imanzadeh, MD, Bahareh Amirkalali, PhD, Masoud Khorshidi, PhD, Assistant Professor in Pediatric Nutrition, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, and others)

Index

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