Aliya Yakubova, MD
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation

Part of the book:  Advances in Health and Disease. Volume 68
Chapter DOI: 10.52305/DDTN1111

Abstract

Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptors are known to play one of the key roles in the pathogenesis of migraine, a disease of a high-intensity headache that eventually may become chronic. Since the TRPV1 receptors are implicated in the sensitization of peripheral nociceptors, which determines the process of pain chronification, it is tempting to evaluate their contribution to the evolution of chronic migraine from an episodic form. Previously, it was already found that the substitution of amino acids Ile585Val in the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs8065080 of the TRPV1 gene affects functional activity of these receptors in the way that carriers of the GG genotype have reduced pain sensitivity and normal sensitivity to non-painful stimuli, while carriers of the AA and AG genotypes demonstrate increased thermal pain sensitivity. However, despite a number of studies on the role of the TRPV1 receptor and its SNPs in various pain conditions, the rs8065080 polymorphism has not been studied in migraine, and particularly, in the aspect of its chronification.

In the current study the rs8065080 variants of the TRPV1 gene were evaluated in patients with episodic and chronic forms of migraine compared to healthy control group with the aim to identify the SNP’s possible associations with migraine chronification.

The study included 71 patients with clinically diagnosed migraine (40 episodic and 31 chronic) and 56 healthy controls. The diagnosis was established according to the criteria of the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. The rs8065080 SNP was determined by an allele-specific polymerase chain reaction.

The frequency distribution of the rs8065080 genotypes in patients with episodic migraine did not significantly differ from the control group: AA 34%, AG 53%, GG 13% and AA 38%, AG 41%, GG 21%. However, in chronic migraine patients the distribution of genotypes differed significantly from each of these groups – AA 61%, AG 39%, GG 0%
(p = 0.027 and p = 0.005, respectively).

The increased occurrence of the AA genotype in the chronic migraine group is consistent with existing data on the involvement of this genotype in increased pain sensitivity, and the observed complete absence of the GG genotype can be interpreted as an association of this genotype with the protective mechanism against migraine chronification. The obtained results suggest involvement of TRPV1 receptors in the heterogeneity of migraine and the risk of its chronification.

Keywords: TRPV1, single-nucleotide polymorphism, rs8065080, pain, migraine, chronification

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