José Pedro Silva, Joaquim C. G. Esteves da Silva and Luís Pinto da Silva
Centro de Investigação em Química (CIQUP), Instituto de Ciências Moleculares (IMS), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

Part of the book: Advances in Chemistry Research. Volume 77

Abstract

Chemiluminescence is the remarkable phenomenon that consists in the conversion of thermal energy into excitation energy due to a chemical reaction, which leads to emission of light. As no light-excitation source is required, only a low or negligible nonspecific signal is generated, which results in a high signal-to-noise ratio. So, several practical applications have been developed in the fields of biomedicine and bioanalysis. Coelenterazine is a chemiluminescent substrate widespread in the oceans, where reside about 80% of all luminescent organisms. Coelenterazine possess an imidazopyrazinone core that can be oxygenated into a high-energy peroxide intermediate, which quick decomposition generates a chemiexcited light-emitter. Interestingly, the imidazopyrazinone core can be found in eight phyla of bioluminescent organisms, demonstrating the importance of Coelenterazine and derivatives. More relevantly, the chemiluminescent system of Coelenterazine and related imidazopyrazinones have shown potential in biosensing, diagnostics and even as therapeutic agent. In this chapter, it will be provided insight into the most relevant steps of the chemiluminescent reaction of Coelenterazine and derivatives, as well as reporting developments regarding practical applications for this chromophoric system.

Keywords: coelenterazine, chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, chromophore, imidazopyrazinone, sensing, anticancer therapy

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