Ravindra K. Rawal¹,², Bishal Dutta¹ and Pitambar Patel¹
¹Natural Product Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam
²Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

Part of the book: Pyrimidines and their Importance

Abstract

Natural products remain an important source as well as inspiration for modern drug discovery. Among the natural products, heterocyclic compounds are at the forefront of drug discovery because of their high structural diversity, vast biological activities, and toxicity. In the family of heterocyclic natural products, the alkaloid class of natural products is the crucial group of compounds that are widely used in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. However, this book chapter is mainly focused on the pyrimidine ring containing natural products and their biological activities along with clinical and in vitro applications. Substituted pyrimidine ring is widely found in many bioactive natural products such as vitamins, health supplements, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, etc. Based on their structural features, the pyrimidine class of natural products is divided into five main groups namely; i) tethered pyrimidines, ii) fused pyrimidines, iii) pyrimidine nucleoside and nucleotides and iv) vitamins and v) toxins. Each group is further divided into sub-groups based on the nature of substituents and their relative biological activities are discussed in detail.

Keywords: pyrimidine, purine, alkaloids, antibiotics, vitamins, natural products

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