Łukasz Łukasiewicz, Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher and David Aebisher
Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Poland

Part of the book: The Biochemical Guide to Hormones

Abstract

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the major secretion product of the parathyroid glands. In the human body, it is mainly responsible for the hormonal regulation of the balance of two extremely important elements – calcium and phosphate. PTH has found clinical application as a replacement therapy for hypoparathyroidism. In diagnostics, its concentration level in the blood allows the evaluation of the work of the parathyroid glands. The regulation of PTH levels in the blood is closely related to the concentration of extracellular calcium. The mechanism responsible for this control is a negative feedback mediated by the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). PTH may also play a physiological role in enhancing bone formation, especially in spongy and to some extent in the cortex of the bone. This action has been used in the treatment of anabolic osteoporosis.

Keywords: fibroblast, parathyroid hormone, biosynthesis, cells, hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D

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