Fabianno Ferreira Dutra
Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Part of the book: The Book of Fungal Pathogens

Abstract

The evolution between mammalian hosts and their microbiota developed reciprocal interactions which provides benefits for both sides of this relationship. In this context, the fungi community is part of a group of salutary microbes that maintain tissues and physiological processes healthy. A relevant part of this interaction involves modulation of immunity. Thus, dysbiosis can destabilize homeostasis and contribute to immune-mediated pathologies. In fact, clinical data has demonstrated that changes in the mycobiota correlates with the development of inflammatory diseases. Moreover, several mouse models have corroborated human findings and are relevant to understand the mechanisms involved. On the other hand, dysbiosis can lead to the proliferation of fungi with pathogenic potential which can contribute to diseases that are not originally fungal. This chapter will discuss different levels and mechanisms of communication between mycobiota and immune cells in several sites, the fungal alterations observed in pathologies and how they correlate.

Keywords: microbiota, mycobiome, mycobiota, mycobiome, dysbiosis, inflammation,
mucosal immunology, inflammatory diseases

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