Maria Dycha, Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher and David Aebisher
Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland

Part of the book: The Biochemical Guide to Proteins

Abstract

Immunoglobulins are glycoproteins secreted by plasma cells in response to the presence of an antigen. There are 5 types of immunoglobulins in the human body: IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, and IgD. Each type is made up of four polypeptide chains: two light and two heavy, which are linked by a disulfide bridge. IgG is the highest percentage of plasma antibodies and is synthesized in the secondary immune response. IgA is found mainly in secretions, e.g., in saliva, tears and genital secretions, and IgE plays a role in the body’s allergic response and protection against parasites. Immunoglobulins play an essential role in the body’s defense against pathogens, and thanks to their specificity and flexibility, they are an attractive option for the development of therapy against in the different diseases.

Keywords: immunoglobulin, Kawasaki disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), organ transplants, combined immune disorders (SCID)

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