Trinath Biswal
Dept. of Chemistry, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, India

Part of the book: Advances in Chemistry Research. Volume 76

Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.52305/SQOK3793

Abstract

Design and development of scaffolds of biological active hydrogels with superior properties is one of the vital factors for tissue engineering and tissue implant application. Today, hydrogels are considered a promising material used as scaffolds for tissue engineering applications owing to their similarity in structure and composition to the natural extracellular matrix along with their required framework for survival and cellular proliferation. Due to some amazing properties and biocompatibility, hydrogels have been applied effectively in biomedical sectors such as tissue engineering and drug delivery owing to some amazing properties and biocompatibility. The higher water content fits these materials with the proteins and living tissues, and the rubbery nature of these materials injures the surrounding tissues. The capability of hydrogel to control and regulate the shape, size, surface morphology, and porosity provides opportunities to overcome the different challenges for tissue engineering applications such as tissue architecture, seeding of multiple cells, and vascularization. Hydrogels selected for tissue engineering are usually biodegradable, bioactive, and never require further surgery after functioning. The bio-functionality property of hydrogels is highly required to monitor cellular behaviours like proliferation, matrix production, and differentiation. Over the last two decades, hydrogels have been used as one of the effective materials used for tissue engineering owing to their capability to uphold a distinctive 3D structure, which offers good mechanical strength for the cells and activates the local extracellular matrix. In this chapter, special emphasis is placed on the use of hydrogels of various kinds in tissue engineering.

Keywords: hydrogels, tissue engineering, extracellular matrix, biodegradable, biocompatible

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