Table of Contents

ABSTRACT

Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal congenital malformations, presenting in about 2-4% of the general population. It is a small intestinal protrusion near the ileocecal valve. This abnormality results from the persistence or incomplete regression of the congenital vitello-intestinal duct during early embryogenesis. Generally, Meckel’s diverticulum is asymptomatic but can cause abdominal pain with diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting. It may present with gastro-intestinal bleeding and signs of anemia, such as fatigue. Symptomatic patients can have a clinical presentation of more alarming symptoms, especially with severe existing complications. Though uncommon, many complications can occur in a fraction of these patients; these include inflammation, infection, erosion, ulceration, perforation, intussusception, and intestinal obstruction. A vesico-diverticular fistula or cancer may also develop in especially rare cases. Treatment is typically surgical, involving the removal of the diverticulum. With proper diagnosis and treatment, patients with Meckel’s diverticulum have an excellent prognosis. This discussion explores Meckel’s diverticulum’s history, definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and complications. It also considers the diagnostic perspective, management principles, prognosis, and social impact of individuals living with this condition.

Keywords: Meckel’s diverticulum, gastrointestinal issues