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Quick ViewHome energy management (HEM) systems include hardware and software that monitor residential energy consumption. Among these, home energy displays (HEDs) are stand-alone devices that give whole-home electricity consumption feedback to users. Although previous fieldwork on HEDs has shown that they can reduce electricity consumption by approximately 4%–13%, some studies also suggest that the energy savings…
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Quick ViewIncreasing demands on energy has necessitated the development of large-scale, low-cost, renewable energy. Solar energy is highly attractive and extremely promising as the energy reaching the earth from the sun is orders of magnitude larger than today’s global energy consumption and is quiet, requires low maintenance, has no restrictions on size, can be located close…
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Quick ViewThe proposed Keystone XL pipeline has received considerable attention recently. If constructed, the pipeline would transport crude oil (e.g., synthetic crude oil or diluted bitumen) derived from oil sands resources in Alberta, Canada to destinations in the United States and ultimately the international market. Policymakers continue to debate various issues associated with the proposed pipeline.…
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Quick ViewLarge-scale solar facilities have the potential to contribute significantly to national electricity production. Many solar installations are large-scale or utility-scale, with a capacity over 1 MW and connected directly to the electric grid. Large-scale solar facilities offer an opportunity to achieve economies of scale in solar deployment, yet there have been concerns about the amount…
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Quick ViewThe energy safety (independence) is one of the most important priorities of the State activity. Its achieving by means of diplomacy lowers risks of power actions and leads the society to solving science-technical problems. Atomic and hydro-power plants, production and supply of coal, oil and gas for thermoelectric power stations and chemical industry have a…
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Quick ViewThe primacy of crude oil as an energy source has provided a platform for social-economic development in most oil producing and consumer nations. Food, housing, transportation, investment services and inflationary trend is largely dependent on the volatility of crude oil prices. The anticipated shift in crude oil demand premised on the United States shale exploitation…
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Quick ViewIncreasing dependence on foreign sources of crude oil, concerns over global climate change, and the desire to promote domestic rural economies have raised interest in renewable biofuels as an alternative to petroleum in the U.S. transportation sector. However, energy from renewable sources has historically been more expensive to produce and use than fossil-fuel-based energy. This…
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Quick ViewRecent concerns over energy supply and pricing have led some to look increasingly to federal lands as a potential energy source. This book explains the legal framework for energy leasing and permitting for onshore lands subject to the control of the federal government. The book first reviews the laws and regulations affecting leasing of federal…
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Quick ViewConcerns for fuel economy and reduced emissions have focused the attention of automotive internal combustion engine manufacturers on the exhaust system and towards technological developments to both reduce fuel consumption and emissions, as well as account for the still significant levels of waste exhaust energy that can be recovered. The present volume on Automotive Exhaust…
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Quick ViewSolar and other renewable power can play an important role in future electricity systems, as shown by numerous energy and electricity system model studies. Many of these studies have in common that they focus on cost as the central issue, either by optimizing it or using it as a key variable in simulation. This book…
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Quick ViewIt is a well-known fact that since the start of industrial crude oil extraction, some 150 years ago, the United States has consistently been the nation that consumes a greater proportion of the global production of that precious liquid fuel. What may be less obvious for many, nowadays, is that for most of that period,…
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Quick ViewBe it in our home or workplace, we are becoming increasingly accustomed to enjoying the maximum comfort levels. To make the indoor environment as per our suitability is a challenging task. Buildings are one of the most important contributors of pollutants and waste that affects the urban environment and contributes to adverse climatic conditions. Hence,…
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Quick ViewLarge Power Transformers have long been a concern for the U.S. Electricity Sector, because the failure of a single unit can cause service interruption and lead to collateral damage, and there could be difficulties in quickly replacing them. This book assesses the procurement and supply environment of large power transformers (LPTs). Key industry sources have…
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Quick ViewThe anthology titled “Spacetime Energy: A Twenty First Century Perspective” encompasses novel and avant garde ideas that delineate the intrinsic nature of spacetime and several of its aspects. The collection of papers epitomizes the fundamental aspects of the physical world. For instance, the authors have considered the affine connection between gravitation and electromagnetism. The noncommutative…
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Quick ViewThe book contains ten chapters. Chapter 1 deals with classification of propellants and explosives. Mechanism of thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) has been given in Chapter 2. Synthesis and characterization of various types of nanomaterials such as oxides, ferrites, cobaltites, oxalates, mono, bi and tri metals of transition metals, and oxides of lanthanides have…
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Quick ViewThe United States has seen resurgence in petroleum production, mainly driven by technology improvements—especially hydraulic fracturing and directional drilling—developed for natural gas production from shale formations. Application of these technologies enabled natural gas to be economically produced from shale and other unconventional formations, and contributed to the United States becoming the world’s largest natural gas…
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Quick ViewRecent advances in combining two drilling techniques, hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, have allowed access to large deposits of shale resources—that is, crude oil and natural gas trapped in shale and certain other dense rock formations. As a result, the cost of that “tight oil” and “shale gas” has become competitive with the cost of…
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Quick ViewThe recent growth in unconventional natural gas production has also produced a profusion of publications on the exploration, development, production, infrastructure, economics, uses, and environmental impacts of these resources. This book summarizes the current state of published descriptions of the potential environmental impacts of unconventional natural gas upstream operations within the Lower 48 United States.…
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Quick ViewBuildings are made completely of materials. Hence, in this book, the characteristics of materials used in green buildings is elaborated on, including for green roofs and green facades. For the purpose of energy structural reduction and saving, a strategy designed by the authors is explained as well. The last two chapters explore phase change energy…
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Climate change is one of the major challenges society is facing currently. Major spheres of human activity such as health, environment, agriculture, economy, transportation and education were adversely affected because of climate change. Environmental pollution owing to the indiscriminate and ever-increasing consumption of fossil-based resources is the main factor contributing to climate change. Use of…
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Quick ViewIndia is experiencing an unprecedented construction boom. The country doubled its floorspace between 2001 and 2005 and is expected to add 35 billion m2 of new buildings by 2050. Buildings account for 35% of total final energy consumption in India today, and building energy use is growing at 8% annually. China will account for about…
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Quick ViewDesalination technologies utilize various forms of energy to produce freshwater. The first chapter of this book provides an exergy analysis of desalination systems. The second chapter provides an exergy analysis of the indoor environment and its impact on human thermal comfort in connection with temperature, heat and mass transfer. The third chapter reviews different studies…
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Quick ViewCoal has long been the major fossil fuel used to produce electricity. The existing coal-fired power generation fleet consists of over fifteen hundred separate units ranging in size from just a few megawatts (MW) to thirteen hundred (1,300) MW. Together these coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) constitute over 300 gigawatts (GW) of installed electric generating capacity…
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Quick ViewThe nuclear industry is in a state of flux. Proclamations of a nuclear renaissance have given way to predictions of the industry’s ultimate decline, and now, in the face of new carbon emissions regulation, renewed optimism for the future. Yet, nuclear plants are currently at-risk due to electricity market design issues and competition with low…
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