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Motor Carrier Safety: Oversight of High Risk and ”Chameleon” Carriers
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Motor Vehicles, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$215.00Quick ViewThe Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) has taken steps toward better oversight of motor carriers by establishing the Compliance, Safety, Accountability (CSA) and chameleon carrier vetting programs; however, FMCSA could improve its oversight to better target high risk carriers. The CSA program oversees carriers’ safety performance through roadside inspections and crash investigations, and issues…
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Red light running is one of the major causes of crashes, deaths, and injuries at signalized intersections. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) support a comprehensive approach to intersection safety that incorporates engineering, education, and enforcement countermeasures to prevent red light running and improve intersection safety. Red light cameras…
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This book provides guidelines for the implementation of an adaptive lighting system for roadway lighting. Based on the analysis of crashes and lighting performance, a series of criteria and the associated design levels have been developed to provide an approach for light level selection and the adjustability of the light level based on the needs…
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Railroad Employees and the Use of Personal Electronic Devices: Distraction Issues and the Safety Environment
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Railroad Operations, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$172.00Quick ViewBased on the historical record, rail transportation in the United States is an extremely safe mode of transportation. However, distraction of a railroad employee who is entrusted with safety related duties has the potential, which has been realized in several accidents described below, to compromise performance and endanger the employee, coworkers, or members of the…
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Mitigating Suicides on Railways: Countermeasures and Lessons
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Railroad Operations, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$140.00Quick ViewTrespassing is the leading cause of rail-related fatalities in the United States. A large proportion of these trespasser fatalities are from intentional acts (i.e., suicides). With a lack of systematic research and evaluation of the countermeasures that are currently in place as well as those that have been proposed, it is difficult for railroad carriers…
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Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Technologies: Elements, Deployment Challenges, and Safety Applications
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Motor Vehicles, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$120.00Quick ViewOver the past two decades, automobile crash-related fatality and injury rates have declined over 34 and 40 percent respectively, due in part to improvements in automobile safety. To further improve traffic safety and provide other transportation benefits, the Department of Transportation (DOT) is promoting the development of vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) technologies. Among other things, V2I technologies…
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The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has spent billions of dollars on aviation security programs. However, recent attacks involving aircraft and airports in other countries underscore the continued threat to aviation and the need for an effective aviation security program. Chapter 1 examines the extent to which TSA has (1) information on the effectiveness of selected…
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Walking and biking are becoming increasingly popular modes of transportation: nearly a million more people reported walking or biking to work in 2013 than in 2005. While total traffic fatalities declined from 2004 through 2013 (the most recent year for which data are available), this was not matched by a similar decline in pedestrian and…
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Traffic Accidents and Safety: New Research
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Motor Vehicles, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$82.00Quick ViewTraffic accidents (TAs) represent a significant public health issue and are associated with behavioral factors, vehicles safeties and conditions of the urban spaces. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, road crashes are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. There are many studies showing that children…
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Safety Standards of Automotive Electronic Systems: Issues and Assessments
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Motor Vehicles, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$62.00Quick ViewOn July 6, 2012, the President signed into law a new two-year transportation reauthorization bill, the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21.) This bill authorizes funds for Federal-aid highways, highway safety programs, transit programs, and for other purposes. This book responds to the MAP-21 requirement that the Secretary of Transportation to…
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Congestion Impacts of Freight Flows
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Railroad Operations, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$95.00Quick ViewAbout 93 trains a day on average crossed into the continental United States from Canada and Mexico in 2014, according to U.S. Department of Transportation’s (DOT) Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS). Trains enter and leave the United States through 30 port of entries (POEs)—23 on the northern border and 7 on the southern border. Although…
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Road User Charges Based on Mileage: Considerations and Viability
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Motor Vehicles, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$62.00Quick ViewA mileage-based road user charge would involve assessing owners of individual vehicles on a per-mile basis for the distance the vehicle is driven. Currently, federal highway and public transportation programs are funded mainly by motor fuel tax receipts that flow into the Highway Trust Fund (HTF). The tax rates, set on a per-gallon basis, have…
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NHTSA Oversight of Safety Defects and New Automotive Technologies: Challenges and Assessments
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Motor Vehicles, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$125.00Quick ViewThe National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) mission is to save lives, prevent injuries, and reduce the economic costs due to traffic crashes. As such, NHTSA is responsible for overseeing vehicle safety, a task made more challenging by the increasingly complex electronics and software used in today’s vehicles. NHTSA’s oversight faces greater scrutiny after a…
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Federal spending on highways totaled $46 billion in 2014, roughly a quarter of total public spending on highways. About 95 percent of that amount was spent for the construction of highways or for their improvement, expansion, and major repair, and the remainder was spent for operation and maintenance. Recently, two factors have combined to highlight…
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Toyota: Production System, Safety Analysis, and Future Directions explains the production methods and future trajectories for the Japanese car company through the strategic development of Toyota’s automobile manufacturing both in Japan and overseas as follows: Part I gives an overview of the book based on the Toyota Production System (TPS), its advanced production management principles…
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Road Traffic and Safety
Transportation Issues, Policies and R&D, Safety and Risk in Society, Motor Vehicles, Industrial Health and Safety, Transportation$195.00Quick ViewRoad space is shared by multiple vehicles (i.e. cars, taxis, buses, trucks, motorcycles, and mopeds), pedestrians, animals and many other categories of travelers. Easy availability of motor vehicles and advancements in their technology has made road travel easy; on the other hand, this has also resulted in a significant increase in the number of motor…
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In the book’s opening chapter, Nefta Eleftheria Votsi, PhD, Athanasios Kallimanis, PhD, and Ioannis Pantis, PhD methodically review present collected works to clarify Quiet Areas categories to identify research gaps and establish guidelines for the addition of Quiet Areas initiatives in cohesive environmental management approaches. Next, Angel M. Dzhambov, MD and Donka D. Dimitrova, PhD…
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